Der Prozessfluss beim Gießen von Edelstahlschmuck

Gegenwärtig, wird das Wachsausschmelzverfahren hauptsächlich für Schmuck aus Edelstahl verwendet, und sein spezifischer Prozess ist: 1. Plattenherstellung: Beim Wachsausschmelzverfahren werden Wachsplatten benötigt, während die Serienproduktion von Wachsplatten Gummiformen erfordert, die mit Silberplatten gepresst werden. Es ist der anspruchsvollste Prozess bei der Herstellung von Edelstahlschmuck, erfordert, dass die Oberfläche, Hohlteile, und die Rückseite der Silberplatte glatt und kratzfrei sind. Es erfordert auch, dass die Struktur jedes Teils der Silberplatte sinnvoll ist, die Position und Größe der Diamantbesetzung genau ist, und einige erfordern eine Vorbearbeitung der Einlegebestandteile. Nur nach der Vorbereitung der Silberplatte können wir in den Wachsausschmelzprozess eintreten. Bitte beachten Sie, dass die derzeit hauptsächlich verwendeten Plattenherstellungstechniken: Handgeschnitzte Wachsplatte, computer carved wax plate, and hand raised silver plate. The three processes each have their own advantages and complement each other. Hand carved wax plates are made by carving the shape on the design drawing with paraffin wax, and then pouring out the silver plate using the method of lost wax casting; The difference between computer wax carving and manual wax carving is that it combines computer 3D software with a wax spraying machine to create a wax mold shape, and then uses the method of wax casting to pour out the silver plate; Handmade silver plate refers to the process where the plate maker directly handcrafts the model on the design drawing. Due to its fast plate making speed, easy modification during the wax carving process, and relatively low tool wear, manual wax carving plates are widely used. 2. Lost wax casting Lost wax casting, commonly known as reverse casting, is an important means of producing stainless steel jewelry at present. (1) Pressing rubber mold Precautions and process for pressing rubber molds: 1) The mold frame and raw film should be cleaned, and do not touch the surface of the raw film directly with your hands. 2) To ensure that there is no adhesion between the original version and the rubber, silver plates should be used first, and copper plates should be silver plated first. 3) Determine the appropriate vulcanization temperature and time, which basically follow a functional relationship and are related to the thickness, length, width, and complexity of the original mold. The molding temperature is usually set at around 150 Grad liegt. If the thickness of the rubber mold is 3 layers (about 10mm), the general vulcanization time is 20-25 minutes. If it is 4 layers (about 13mm), the vulcanization time can be 30-35 minutes. And so on. At the same time, the vulcanization temperature is also related to the complexity of the original version. If the original version is complex and small, the vulcanization temperature should be lowered and the vulcanization time extended. 4) When pressing the mold, it is necessary to ensure that there is no gap between the original version and the raw film. Fill the gaps, concave areas, and stone inlay areas on the first plate by inserting, wrapping, and filling them with small rubber particles, and press them tightly with a sharp object (such as tweezers). 5) Preheat first. After the vulcanization time is up, quickly remove the rubber mold. Die gepresste Gummiform sollte sich nicht verformen, glatt sein, und eine gerade Wasserlinie haben. Am besten lässt man sie natürlich abkühlen, bis sie nicht mehr heiß ist, und dann benutzt man ein scharfes chirurgisches Messer, um die Gummiform zu öffnen, während sie noch heiß ist. (2) Öffnen von Klebeformen und Wachs-Feingussformen 1) Öffnen der Klebeform: Die technischen Anforderungen zum Öffnen von Klebeformen sind sehr hoch. Denn die Qualität der Klebeform wirkt sich direkt auf die Qualität der Wachsform und des Metallrohling aus. Die Werkzeuge zum Öffnen von Klebeformen sind relativ einfach, einschließlich chirurgischer Messer, Pinzetten, Scheren, Spitzzangen, etc. Die Klebeform verwendet normalerweise die Vier-Fuß-Positionierungsmethode, das heißt. Die geöffnete Gummiform hat vier Beine, die miteinander fixiert sind, and the part between the four legs is cut in a straight line or a curved line. Attention should be paid to inspecting the opened rubber mold. There should be no defects such as obvious broken patterns, missing corners, adhesion, etc. inside the mold, which may cause defects in the wax mold. Therefore, these defective areas should be repaired, such as cutting open uncut positions and using a wax welder to weld the broken patterns, missing corners, etc. 2) Wax injection mold: After the rubber mold is opened, the wax injection operation can be carried out. Attention should be paid to mastering factors such as wax temperature, pressure, and the tightness of the adhesive film during wax injection operation. 3) Repairing wax molds and planting wax trees Repairing wax molds: Im Allgemeinen, the wax molds taken out after wax injection may have some problems to varying degrees. For defects such as flying edges, multiple edges, pinch marks, unclear flower heads, or overlapping edges, surgical blades can be used to smooth them out; For sand holes, broken claws can be repaired with a wax welding tool; Small holes that are not accessible can be penetrated by soldering needles; The deformation of wax molds can be corrected in hot water at 40-50 ℃. If the hand size is incorrect, you should directly change the finger ring when repairing wax. Planting wax trees: The pre made wax molds are sequentially welded in layers along the circumference onto a wax rod using a wax welder, resulting in a wax tree that resembles a large tree in shape. (3) Gypsum casting and baking Gypsum casting: Cover the planted wax tree with a stainless steel tube along with the chassis; Mix the corresponding weight of gypsum powder and water to form gypsum slurry. After the first vacuum pumping, slowly inject the gypsum slurry along the inner wall of the steel bell. Do not pour the gypsum slurry directly onto the wax tree. Continue vacuuming for the second time until the gypsum slurry is about 1cm below the wax tree. Then let it stand naturally for 12-24 hours to ensure the solidification of the gypsum. Baking gypsum: The baking of gypsum molds is an important process to ensure the normal progress of casting. Its main functions are dewaxing, drying, and casting insulation. Im Allgemeinen, the dewaxing temperature is 0-250 ℃ and the holding time is 1.5-2 hours; The drying temperature is 250-600 ℃, and the insulation time is 2-3 hours; Heating up to 600-900 ℃ mittendrin, mit einer Haltezeit von 2-3 hours; Die Gießtemperatur beträgt 900-1000 ℃, and the insulation time is 2-4 hours. (4) Das Schmelzen von Stahl und das Gießen von Edelstahl ist nicht nur einfaches Schmelzen, sondern umfasst auch den Schmelzprozess, um sicherzustellen, dass das in die Form gegossene Metall die erwarteten Anforderungen in Bezug auf Temperatur, chemische Zusammensetzung, und Reinheit erfüllt. Therefore, Ein Qualitätskontrollverfahren muss während des Schmelzprozesses durchgeführt werden, und die Reinheit des flüssigen Metalls muss den Gießanforderungen entsprechen, bevor das Gießen erlaubt wird. Wenn das Backen der Gipsform sich dem Ende nähert, beginnt der Edelstahl zu schmelzen und seinen flüssigen Zustand beizubehalten. Nachdem die Gipsform isoliert wurde, das Edelstahl-Schmelzbad vom Wasserauslass injizieren, um das Gießen abzuschließen. (5) Sandstrahlen, Reinigung, and sawing of gypsum molds The cast gypsum mold is in a high temperature state. After being taken out of the casting machine, it should be left to stand naturally for 30-60 minutes, and then placed in cold water for frying and washing. After the gypsum explodes due to shrinkage, the steel tree is taken out, and large pieces of gypsum are brushed off with a steel brush. The steel tree is then sprayed with a high-pressure cleaning gun to remove the remaining gypsum until the surface of the steel tree is clean. The accessories on the steel tree are cut along the bottom of the water outlet or cut with a cutting machine, and then rolled in a drum for 20-30 minutes before being taken out. After cleaning and electrolyzing, it can be delivered to the warehouse or proceed to the next process. (6) Mold holding and inlay The touch process of stainless steel jewelry refers to the process step after wax loss casting and before inlay. Due to shrinkage and deformation caused by casting, the surface of the mold often has problems such as sand holes, bulges, heavy edges, dents, and even fractures, which require repair and correction. The usual process sequence is: shaping – grinding the water mouth – checking and repairing cracks and sand holes – correcting the shape – sanding (or rubber wheel). (7) Polishing Polishing is the most important step in the surface treatment process of stainless steel jewelry, and it is a crucial process in the production of stainless steel jewelry. The polished surface of the jewelry should be extremely bright, giving people a dazzling beauty. Only by achieving a mirror like shining effect can it attract customers’ attention. Polishing is the general term for smoothing and polishing the surface of stainless steel jewelry. Polishing can only be carried out after the scratches, burrs, and edges on the surface of stainless steel jewelry have been completely polished. The polishing and finishing of stainless steel jewelry usually use “purple wax” und “blue wax”. Purple wax “is a coarse abrasive that can quickly remove sandpaper marks or small scratches. If used correctly, it can polish metal surfaces very smoothly, but still lacks some brightness. Green wax can throw a bright light out of metal, and its function is only to polish it. Tatsächlich, the heat generated by high-speed friction can make the metal surface soft and fill the slightest scratches, achieving a very smooth level and thus having a shiny effect.